The Gods and Goddesses of the Indo-Europeans, page 2

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The
Gods & Goddesses
of the
Indo-Europeans
(Part II)

[A - J] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V]

Latis - (Britain) Goddess associated with water.

Leucetius - Whose name may mean Bright Shining. Especially concerned with thermal waters and fertility cults. Celtic origin

Latis - A British Goddess, local to Cumbria and probably a deity of watery places, pools and bogs.

Lenus - God of the Treveri . Gaulish God of Healing (webfooted as of a goose or swan). Associated with both the Classical God Mars and with two other Celtic Gods.

Lenumius (Mars Lenumius) - A Celtic god who was equated with the Roman god Mars. He is known from a dedication to him found at the fort of Benwell on Hadrian's Wall, England. Little else is known about him.

Li Ban - Sister or Fand wife of Manannan. (Irish)

Lir - The Ocean God, cognate with Llyr in Welsh. His greatest son was Manannan, he took over the role as God of the Sea. (Irish)

Llassar Llasgyfnewid - A God of the Dead who owns a magic cauldron into which warriors who are slain are cast but who come forth alive. (Welsh)

Llefelys - Son of Beli, brother of Lludd (Nudd). (Welsh)

Lleu Llaw Gyffes - Son of Aranrhod/Arianrhod, 'Bright One of the Skillful Hand', he appears to be the counterpart of the Irish Lugh. He was pictured as young, strong, radiant with hair of gold, master of all arts, skills and crafts. (Welsh)

Lludd Llaw Ereint - The son of Beli, God of Death. (Welsh)

Llyr - The equivalent of the Irish Lir, A Sea God. (Welsh)

Llyr, Children of - Bran the Blessed, his sister Branwen, and Manawydan. All children of Llyr. (Welsh)

Lodan - Son of Lir and Father of the Goddess Sinend. (Irish)

Loucetius - The Bright One (means "lightning" or "brilliant"). Known in several places in Europe. May have been a healing god. Possibly a Gaulish import.

Luchtaine - (Celtic) He was the god of wheel making.

Lugh - 'The Many Skilled', 'Lugh of The Long Arm'. One of the most important Irish Gods.The son of Cian and Ethlinn,daughter of Balor of the Evil Eye(Fomorii enemy of the Tuatha De Danann), renowned for the splendor of his countenance. Succeeds by the skill of more subtle magic rather than through the brute force of his physical strength. Father of Cu Chulainn, and one of the Gods of the Irish Tuatha De' Danann, 'People of the Goddess Danu' (Irish)

Lugus - The name of a God that occurs in place-names in Britain and Gaul. Cognate with the Irish Lugh and the Welsh Lleu.

Luxovius - Eponymous God of the Settlement of Luxeuil. He was worshipped only at this site. The name implies light symbolism 'lux'. He and his consort, Bricta presided over the thermal spring sanctuary at Luxeuil.

Mabon - Son of Modron. His mother Madron is Matrona, 'The Divine Mother' Eponymous Goddess of the Marne in France.By the time Mabon was delivered from captivity, he was the oldest of all living creatures. His role is that of a hunter. Born only to his mother, Modron, a father is never mentioned in the literature, perhaps a divine birth. (Welsh)

Mac Da Tho - Once a king of Leinster at the time when Medb and Ailill ruled Connact. In reality he is a God of the Otherworld, he presides over the Otherworld feast.

Mac Cecht - Son of Ogma, God of Eloquence. He was the husband of Fotla, one of the three Goddesses, with Banba and Eire, who asked that their name be given to Ireland. (Irish)

Mac Greine - Son of Ogma. He was the husband of the Goddess Eire, who gave her name to Ireland. (Irish)

Macha - Another of the Morrigan's incarnations. A triune Goddess of War. As the wife of Nemed in her first appearance. Wife of Nuada, she is slain by Balor in her second appearance. Then as the wife of Crunniuc Mac Agnomain of Ulster, where she cursed the men of Ulster for 9 generations to suffer labor pangs for 5 days and 4 nights in Ulster's times of greatest difficulty. (Irish)

Mac Moincanta - He succeeded the Dagda as Father of The Gods. (Irish)

Macha - (Irish) The third of the three war goddesses known as the Morrigan. Macha feeds on the heads of slain enemies.

Mael Duin - Son of Aillil, 'Edge of Battle'. (Irish)

Maga - Daughter Aonghus Og 'God of Love'. (Irish)

Manannan Beg/Mac y Leirr Manx equivalent of Manannan Mac Lir/Manawydan Fab Llyr.

Manannan Mac Lir - The major Sea God. Son of Lir. He is the protector of Ireland, enclosing the Island with his own element which gaurds it. He is also a master of skills, wisdom, trickery, illusion and magic. Traditionally associated with the Isle of Man, of which he was the first king. He appears more frequently than most Gods. (Irish)

Manawydan Fab Llyr - The counterpart of the Irish Sea God Manannan, son of Lir. The brother of Bendigeidfran and Branwen. In the Third Branch of the Mabinogi he marries Rhiannon.(Welsh)

Maponos - 'The Divine Youth' and 'Divine Son'. Equated with the Celtic Apollo. May be linked with Mabon. (Gaulish)

Mars - Roman God of War. Official war God of the Roman army. Celtic surnames or epithets applied to Mars are:

Mars Albiorix, tribal gaurdian in southern Gaul. Alboirix meaning 'King of the World'.
Mars Camulos, A war God indeginous to Britain and Gaul.
Mars Caturix, Caturix means 'Master of Fighting' or 'King of Combat'. He may have been the tribal God of the Caturiges.
Mars Corotiacus, Local British version of the Celic Mars from Martlesham in Suffolk.
Mars Lenus, Great Healer God of the Treveri.
Mars Loucetius, Loucetius meaning 'High' or 'Bright'. Worshipped in Bath at Aqua Sulis.
Mars Mullo, northern and north-western Gaul
Mars Nabelcus, Provence
Mars Nodens, (see Nodens)
Mars Olloudius, (see Olloudius)
Mars Rigisamus, Rigisamus means 'Greatest King' or 'King of Kings'. West Coker in Somerset.
Mars Rigonemetis, 'King of the Sacred Grove'. Seems he was a God of the tribe of the Corieltauvi.
Mars Segomo, (see Segomo)
Mars Smertrius, (see Smertrius)
Mars Teutates, (see Teutates)
Mars Thinesus, May have been a German deity.
Mars Visucius, (see Visucius)
Mars Vorocius, A Gaulish Healer God.

Math, Son of Mathonwy - Lord of Gwynedd. Regarded as a God of Inceasing Wealth. He can live only if his feet are held in a maiden's lap, unless the turmoil of war prevents this. (Welsh)

Matholwch - King of Ireland who marries Branwen daughter of Llyr. (Welsh)

Mathonwy - Ancestor of the house of Don, his children were Don the Mother Goddess and Math, God of Increasing Wealth. (Welsh)

Matres Camedovae - Local version of the triple mother Goddess worshipped at Aix-Les-Bains.

Matres Domesticae - Domesticae referring to their functions as deities of the homeland. Britain.

Matres Grisclicae Venerated at Greoulx in southern Gaul.

Matres Nemausicae - (see Nemausus)

Matronae Aufaniae - Were a triad of Mother Goddesses worshipped by the Celto-Germanic Tribes of the Rhineland.

Matronae Vacallinehae - A local variant of the Celto-Germanic Mother Goddesses worshipped in Persch.

Matrona - Divine Mother. (Gaulish)

Mechi - Son of the Morrigan, Goddess of Death and Battles. Slain by Mac Cecht, son of Ogma. (Irish)

Medb - Sometimes Anglicised as Maeve. Another triune Goddess representing sovranty. The Great Goddess Queen of Connacht. Her name means 'she who intoxicates' and is philologically related to the word 'mead'. A goddess of war. Where the Morrigan use magic in battle, Medb wields a weapon herself. The sight of Medb blinds enemies, and she runs faster than the fastest horse. A Goddess of sovereignty, war, territory and sexuality. (Irish)

Miach - Son of Dian Cecht, God of Medicine, who proved a better physician than his father, who grew jealous at his accomplishments and murdered him. (Irish)

Midir the Proud - Son of the Dagda and a powerful God himself. (Irish)

Modron - Mother of Mabon, the name seems to be a form of Matrona and therefore a Mother Goddess. (Welsh)

Mogons - (Britain) His name means "great one"

Mongan - Son of Manannan Mac Lir by the queen of the Dal nAraidi. (Irish)

Morca - son of Dela and a king of the Fomorii. (Irish)

Morrigan - (Irish) Sometimes given as Morrigu. The major triune Goddess of War, Death and Slaughter of the Tuatha Dé Danann. The name signified 'Great Queen'. She was a trinity; Macha, Badb, and Neman (Nemain or Nemhain), all three bloodthirsty and feared by the enemies of the Tuatha Dé Danann. As Macha she was goddess of war and fertility who could take the shape of a crow or a raven. As Badb (Nechtan) she was the water-god whose sacred well was a source of knowledge. As Neman she was the goddess of war and battle.

Mug Nuadat - Ruled over southern Ireland and equated with Nuada.

Murna of the White Neck - A descendent of Nuada and Ethlinn, the daughter of Balor of the Evil Eye. (Irish)

Naas - Wife of Lugh Lamhfada who died at the site of Naas, Co. Kildare, which bears her name. (Irish)

Nair - 'Modesty', a Goddess who took the High King Crebhan to the Otherworld and gave him fabulous treasures. (Irish)

Nantsovelta (Nantosuelta) - Gaulish Goddess probably connected with water, (nant=a brook). Goddess of nature; the wife of Sucellus.

Nechtan - A water God and husband of Boann. (Irish)

Nehalennia - (Gaul) Goddess of the sea.

Neit - Sometimes Net. A God of War. His wife appears as Nemain, part of the triune Goddess Morrigan. The name may be a synonym for Nuada. (Irish)

Nemain - A War Goddess and wife of Neit. She is listed as one of the five Goddesses who hovers over battlefields, inspiring battle madness: Dea(Hateful), Badb(Fury), Nemain(Venomous), Macha(Personification of Battle), and the Morrigan (Great Queen or Supreme War Goddess). (Irish)

Nemetona - Goddess of the Sacred Grove. A Gaulish War Goddess. Could be a connection with Nemain (frenzy), Goddess of War. Equated with Minerva. Especially concerned with thermal waters and fertility cults.

Nemglan - A Bird God who appeared to Mess Buachalla and made love to her. (Irish)

Niamh - Daughter of Manannan Mac Lir, the lover of Oisin. (Irish)

Nodons/Nodens - He Who Bestows The Wealth? The Cloud Maker? Invoked more as a God of Healing than that of a warrior God. Connected with Healing, the sun and water. Likened to Silvanus in his role as divine hunter. Equated with Mars the healer rather than Mars the warrior. Regarded as the ancestor of all the Irish, a divine prerogative. He is referred to in the Coir Anmann as Iriel Faith: he was prophet, champion and King of Irelan, He was Nuadu Airgethlam. Ancestor deity of the Eoganacht and others according to certain traditions. Also associated with Lludd Llaw-ereint 'Silver Hand or Arm' and the legend which explains the name, but this is in question

Nuada - God also known as Iriel Faith. See Nodons/Nodens above

Nynniaw - A son of Beli and brother of Peibaw. (Welsh)

Octriallach - Son of indech of the Fomorii, Killed by ogma at the second battle of Magh Tuireadh.(Irish)

Ocelos - God of the Silures . Also invoked at Carlisle. Celtic origin

Oenghus (Angus) - (Irish) He is the son of Daghdha and Boann. He is the god of fatal love (akin to Cupid). Angus' kisses turn into singing birds, and the music he plays draws all who hear it to his side

Ogma - God of Eloquence and Literature. A son of the Dagda. He was skilled in dialects and poetry as well as being a warrior. He also had a role in conveying souls to the Otherworld. He was called ogma Grian-aineach (of the Sunny Countenance) and Ogma Cermait (of the Honeyed Mouth). Credited with the invention of Ogham. (Irish)

Ogmia - The British equivalent of Ogma and Ogmios.

Ogmios - The Gaulish God cognate with Ogma in Irish mythology.

Oirbsen - The alternative name for Manannan Mac Lir. Loch Oirbsen is the ancient name for the place where the Sea God was said to have met his death. (Irish)

Oisin - Son of Fionn Mac Cumhail and the Goddess Sadb, Daughter of the Bodb Dearg. (Irish)

Olloudius - Great Tree, worshipped in Antibes by the Nabonenses as a War God.

Oonagh - Wife of Fionnbharr, relegated from an ancient Goddess of the De Danaan in popular folklore to "queen of all the fairies in Ireland". (Irish)

Oscar - Grandson of Goddess Sadb and Fionn Mac Cumhail. (Irish)

Parthanan - May be a folk memory of Partholon. He is a mischevious spirit who, at the end of the harvest, would thresh any corn left standing. (Irish)

Penardun - Daughter of the Mother Goddess Don who weds Llyr. She is the mother of Bran, Branwen, and Manawydan. (Welsh)

Plur na mBan - 'The Flower of Women', daughter of Oisin and the Goddess Niamh, daughter or Manannan Mac Lir. (Irish)

Pyderi - Son of Pwyll and Rhiannon and the only person to figure in all the branches of the Mabinogi. (Welsh)

Puca - A mischevious spirit who led travellers astray or performed other devilment. (Irish)

Rhiannon - 'Great Queen' Horse Goddess and War and Battle Goddess. Wife of Pwyll. Her son, Pryderi, succeeded his father Pwyll as the ruler of Dyfed and of the otherworld. (Welsh)

Rigisamus - Most Kingly. Deity from France, equated with Mars.

Rosmerta - (Gaul) A Celtic goddess of fertility and wealth, whose cult was widely spread in Gaul. She is the wife of the god Esus, but also of the Gaulish Mercury. Her attributes are a cornucopia and a stick with two snakes.

Ruadan - Son of Bres, the half Fomorii ruler of the De Danaan, and the Goddess Brigid. Ruadan wounded the Smith God Goibhniu at the second battle of Magh Tuireadh. He was slain in the combat and his Mother, the Goddess Brigid, came to the battlefield to bewail her son, this is recorded as the first Keening (caoine'lament') to be heard in Ireland. (Irish)

Sadb - Daughter of Bodb Dearg. She was turned into a fawn by the 'Dark Druid'. (Irish)

Sainnth - Son of Imbath and Father of Macha who cursed the men of Ulster. (Irish)

Samhain - One of the Gods, a brother of Cian and Goibhniu. He was looking after a magical cow, Glas Gaibhenn, which belonged to his brother Cian. Balor, disguised himself as a little red haired boy and tricked him into parting with it. His role as a God is not clearly defined. (Irish)

Scota - Wife of Niul and Motherof Goidel, the progenitor of the Gaels. (Irish)

Segomo - Victor, Mighty One. Gaulish in origin

Searbhan - 'The Surly', A one-eyed Fomorii woh guarded a magic tree, squatting at its foot all day and sleeping in its branches all night. (Irish)

Segda Saerlabraid - Son of the King and Queen of Tir Tairnigiri. (Irish)

Sequena - Gaulish Goddess of the source of the Seine. In her sanctuary were found many votive offerings.

Setanta - Cuchulainn's original name. (Irish)

Sionan - Daughter of Lir's son Lodan. She went to the Well of Knowledge at the source of the Shannon, even though it was forbidden, the river rose and chased her westward, drowning her. The path that the river now takes is called the River Shannon for her. (Irish)

Sirona - Gaulish Goddess whose name means 'Star', usually paired with Grannos. The Gaulish goddess of astronomy and goddess of the Mosel Valley.

Sucellus - Gaulish God 'The Good Striker' Who appears with nantosvelta. Some scholars claim he is identical to Dis Pater.

Sulevia - Gaulish Goddess/Goddesses that Caesar associates with Minerva. Patroness of the Art of Healing, honored at the thermal springs in Bath (Aque Sulis). Counterpart of Brigid, daughter of the Dagda.

Sulis - Patron Goddess of the Sacred (healing) Springs, Goddess of Healing. Equated with Minerva. Especially concerned with thermal waters and with fertility cults. She was called Brigantia by the Britons; and later Saint Brighid (after Christianity). Celtic origin

Tailtu - Daughter of the Firbolg king of the Great Plain and Foster mother to Lugh Lamhfada, and gave her name to Tailtinn. Lughnasadh was decreed as a feast in her honour by Lugh. (Irish)

Taranis/Taranus - The Thunderer, Celtic equivalent to Jupiter, this god symbolized the sacred wheel, associated with forces of change.. Also bearing a weapon or the lightning symbol. He rides down a serpent-footed monster. Sky God. God of Soldiers Possibly of Gaulish origin, although variations of his name are found over most of the area the Celts inhabited.

Tethra - A Fomorii who seemed to be a Sea God. Owned the sword Orna, formed by Ogma. Which came into Manannan Mac Lir's possesion in the second battle of Magh Tuireadh. (Irish)

Thincsus - Germanic God. Equated with Mars also webfooted .

Tigernmas - Lord Of Death. Son of Follach. A High King who is said to have introduced the worship of an idol called Cromm Cruach (Blood Crescent), which involved human sacrifice at the feast of Samhain. (Irish)

Tlachtga - A Goddess that is also the daughter of the druid Mug Ruith of munster. (Irish)

Toutates/Teutates - (Gaul) God of fertility, war, and wealth. His name means "the god of the tribe". Human sacrifices were made to him (usually drowned in giant cauldrons). He is credited with inventing all the crafts of mankind. One of the oldest and most powerful deities.

Tuatha De Danaan - A race of people who claimed to be descended from the goddess Danu and about whom all the famous tales of "fairies" in Ireland are told. They were said to be adept in magic and possessed four talismans of great power: the stone of Fal which shrieked under the true heir to the throne; the spear of Lug which made victory certain; the sword of Nuadhu which slays all enemies; and the ever full cauldron of Daghda from which no man ever goes away hungry. They were defeated when that country was invaded by the Milesians, forerunners of today's Irish.

Tuireann - A male Tuireann had three sons by the Goddess Brigid. They were; Brian, Iuchar, and Iucharba, who slew Cian, father of Lugh Lamhfada. (Irish)

Uar - 'The Cruel.' He and his sons 'Ill-Omen', 'Damage', and 'Want', dwelt in Munster but appear to be Fomorii. Of the race of the wondorous evil and from the gravelly plain of Hell below.

Uillin - Grandson of Nuada said to have drowned Manannan Mac Lir in Loch Corrib and given his name to Moyculllin, Co. Galway.

Urias - 'Of the Noble Nature'. He dwelt in the city of Gorias, one of the four fabulous cities from which the De Danaan originated. He was steeped in wisdom.

Vitiris - Warrior God, possible horned God of the north

Some of the Sources:

Dictionary of Celtic Mythology - Peter Berresford Ellis
ISBN#0-19-508961-8

Pagan Celtic Britain - Anne Ross
ISBN#0-89733-435-3

Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend - Miranda J. Green
ISBN#0-500-27975-6

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